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The drinking water is only found in Ground water and rivers. We can’t drink Sea water because of many impurities like many types of salt are mixed in Sea water.

 

Different Forms of Water

Water is found in three different forms on Earth :- Solid, Liquid and Gas. Here we have briefly described all these three forms of water:

 

Solid : Water freezes at 0 degree Celsius temperature to freeze in the form of ice which is its solid state. As water freezes, its molecules move apart and this makes ice less dense compared to water in its liquid state. So the Ice is lighter than Water in its liquid state. That is the reason ice float on the liquid water.

Liquid : This is the most common form of water available easily on the earth. Water in its liquid state is used in several ways including cooking, drinking, washing, cleaning, irrigating fields and processing and preparing many types of products in industries.

Gas : Water starts boiling on 100 degree Celsius temperature and then it changes from liquid to gas, often known as water vapor. Water Vapors are always present around us. When the water vapors cool, they form a cloud in the sky.

Water Cycle : Water cycle is the term given to the circulation of water on, below or above the Earth’s surface. It is the process where water circulates between oceans, land and atmosphere. This involves precipitation, drainage in rivers, snowfall, lakes and streams and then water returns to atmosphere by way of evaporation and transpiration.

Water Scarcity in India

Like most of the other developing countries, many parts of India also face scarcity of drinking water. People in the country don’t have clean water for drinking purpose and there is water deficit for the purpose of sanitization as well. None of the cities in the country receives piped water 24 / 7. 

It is supplied for just a hour or few hours each day. This is because of the discharge of industrial and domestic waste in the ground water. Many of industries in India spread their liquid toxic on the ground and insert forcefully inside the earth with the help of bores. Due to which ground water is becoming toxic day by day and unhygienic.

 

Let me take example of myself, i live near Delhi NCR area surrounded by many industries. When i was a child we used to drink ground water extracted with the help of hand pumps and that water was pure and full of minerals. 

But in last 20 years everything has changed. Hand-pup are not visible anywhere and we extract water with the help of submersible pumps and we can’t drink that water directly. That water turns yellow after sometime because of industrial toxic has mixed in it and every single person is using water purifier to clean the water and make it drinkable.

 

The scarcity of fresh water in the country is often attributed to lack of proper planning at the government’s end, corruption, increased rate of corporate privatization and increasing amount of human and industrial waste that is discarded into water. The situation is expected to worsen in the times to come as the population of the country is likely to increase to 1.6 billion by 2050.

Some other causes of water scarcity in India

• Traditional techniques of irrigation employed in our country cause a lot of water loss.
• Lack of proper planning and distribution of water among domestic consumers, agricultural sector and industrial sector.
• Decline in traditional water recharging areas.
• Urban development has choked the ground water resources.
• Increasing number of recreational activities associated with water.

 

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